This page is intended to be a resource for the beginning and intermediate Igor user to quickly find help and tips about common tasks in Igor. Much of the information on this page is taken from the Igor "Getting Started" Introduction and Guided Tour, but is organized by topic so that the information is easy to find. Users of this page should also search (ctrl+f) for terms in case what they're looking for isn't found in the topic they expect.

This page was started by Ingrid Ulbrich.

Common Keyboard Shortcuts

ctrl+j --> command window
- ctrl+k --> clears command line
ctrl+m --> brings the procedure window to the front
ctrl+t --> in a graph or panel, enables or disables tools
ctrl+i --> in a graph, enables cursors ("info") (Graph -> Show Info)
ctrl+a --> in a table or in the command window: select all
- --> in a graph: autoscale axes Graph -> Autoscale Axes
Common Windows Commands
- ctrl+s --> save experiment
- ctrl+c, ctrl+x, ctrl+v --> copy, cut, paste
- ctrl+f, ctrl+g --> find, find again (with shift, go the opposite direction)
- ctrl+r --> search and replace
- ctrl+p --> print
- ctrl+z --> undo (only one action)
- ctrl+n --> new experiment

Waves

Waves are vectors (arrays) in which data is stored. Point number counts from 0 (i.e., MyWave[0] is the first element of the wave).

Waves have inherent x values that are by default equal to the point number. If you display a wave, it is automatically plotted versus the x value (0, 1, 2, etc.). It is possible to change the inherent wave scaling (see setScale), or you can plot a y-wave versus an x-wave.

Helpful Wave Functions

make /O /N=points
- Data -> Make Waves...

duplicate /O
- Data -> Duplicate Waves...

rename
- Data -> Rename
- when the wave is in a table, right-click and choose Reanme

setScale [/I/P] dim, num1, num2
- You can change the inherent values, but not the data values
- /P: num1 is start value, num2 is delta value
- /I: num1 is start value, num2 is last value
- Data -> Change Wave Scaling...

killwaves
- Data -> Kill Waves...

Putting Data in Waves

Typing in a Table

First you need to view the wave in a table.
- If the wave exists
  - double-click on it in the Data Browser to view it in a table
  - single-click on it in the Data Browser, then right click and select "Edit"
  - from the pulldown menus, choose Window -> New Table and select the wave(s) from the dialog window
- If the wave doesn't exist
  - make the wave from the command line
  - Make a new table (from the pulldown menus, choose Window -> New Table and don't choose any existing waves). You can rename the waves later.
Now you can type values directly into the table
- Note that you are editing the only copy of the wave.
- Note that Igor can only undo 1 action (it doesn't remember more than 1 action).
- Note that if you paste into the table, you might insert points instead of overwriting existing data.

As a list of values, in the command line

myWave = {12, 24, 36}

Waves in Equations

You can treat a wave as a variable name in equations and assignments are made on a point-to-point (point 0, 1, etc.) basis.

For example, if you have

 make/N=10 x_wave = x

you can make a wave of a line with slope 3 and intercept 4 by

 make/N=10 y_wave = 3*x_wave + 4

then

 y_wave[0] = 3*x_wave[0] + 4
 y_wave[1] = 3*x_wave[1] + 4
 etc.

Loading Data

From Igor Text Files (.itx)

Double-click on the file icon on your computer. Waves will be loaded into the current DataFolder
Data -> Load Waves -> Load Igor Text...' and choose the appropriate file

From non-Igor Text Files

Data -> Load Waves -> ' and choose to load an appropriate file type

From Excel Files

Graphs

Helpful Graph Functions

display
- Windows -> New Graph
- From the Data Browser, single-click on a wave then right-click and choose "Display" (can't choose a "vs" wave)

appendToGraph

legend

ModifyGraph

Modifying Trace Appearance

Getting to the window
- Double-click on a trace
- Right-click on a graph and choose "Modify (tracename)..."
- Graph -> Modify Trace Appearance...
Notes and Tricks
- You can change several traces at once by selecting multiple waves (ctrl+click).
- "Offset" lets you do additive offsets (x and or y) and multiplicative scaling (x and or y)
- "Set as f(z)..." lets you set color, marker type, and marker size by any other wave of appropriate length (e.g., color by time, make marker size proportional to value)
- "Hide Trace" makes the selected trace not visible, but does not remove the associated axis.
  - If the hidden trace had the highest or lowest value and controlled the axis range, the axis range will be reset unless "Autoscale" is checked.
  - This can be useful if you want to show a graph in a presentation where you show versions with more traces in each view. This way you can make all the versions from the same graph.

Reorder Traces

Getting to the window
- Right-click in the margin of the graph
- Choose "Reorder Traces..."
Changing the order
- Drag and drop waves to change the order.
- Waves are drawn in the plot starting with the first trace (this will be furthest back visually) and ending with the last trace (on top).

Modifying Axes

Getting to the window
- Double-click on an axis (look for vertical or horizontal double-arrow cursor)
- Graph -> Modify Axis
Notes and Tricks
- You can make selections to any axis (or multiple axes at the same time) from the pulldown menu at the upper left of the window.

Adding Text

Legend

legend produces the default legend in the top graph
Graph -> Add Annotation..., change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to Legend
Right-click in the graph and choose "Add Annotation...", change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to Legend
Edit an existing legend by double-clicking on it.

Text box

Graph -> Add Annotation..., change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to TextBox
Right-click in the graph and choose "Add Annotation...", change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to TextBox
Edit an existing text box by double-clicking on it.

Tag (Text that

Graph -> Add Annotation..., change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to TextBox
Right-click in the graph and choose "Add Annotation...", change the Annotation type in the upper left corner to TextBox
Edit an existing text box by double-clicking on it.

"Drawn" text (less interactive than a text box)

Get to the "Tools" by pressing ctrl+t (Graph -> Show Tools) when the top window is your graph. A set of buttons will appear to the left of your graph.
Choose the "T..." icon and click in the graph where you want the text to be.
Insert your text in the dialog box. Note that you can control the location and formatting of the text here.
Press the top button on the "Tools" to return to normal graph interactions or press ctrl+t to close the "Tools" and return to normal graph interactions.
Notes and Tips
- After closing the dialog, you must click the arrow icon to move your text.
- This text can only be moved or changed when "Tools" are available.
- When "Tools" are enabled (the long list of buttons is showing) you cannot copy a graph (for pasting into a Notebook or other programs). Close the tools (ctrl+t) or click the top button of the toolbar to allow copying.

Adding Straight Lines

With Traces

Create a 2-point wave with points = 0, 1
Append this trace to the graph and scale it using multiplicative offset (same x-,y-scaling --> 1:1 line; different x-, y-scaling for different slopes)

Drawing Fixed Lines

Enable drawing tools by pressing ctrl+t (Graph -> Show Tools).
Select the line tool and draw a line.
Select the arrow tool and double-click on the line.
To make a fixed-value line, set the Coordinate System (upper left pull-down menus) to axes (e.g., "Axis Bottom", "Axis Left")
Set the coordinates in the bottom of the dialog box to the axis values for the line. Note that (X0, Y0) is the point where you started the line.

Using Cursors

Press ctrl+i or Graph -> Show info
Drag the cursor icons onto points on the graph
- Note that the cursors attach only to points in a wave, not line segments
- You can change the wave that a cursor is on by right-clicking on the wave name and choosing a different name
Wave information is displayed in the bar.
Move the cursors by pressing right and left arrow keys or by moving the vertical bar between the wave names and the point information.
- "Highlighted" (dark) markers next to the wave name indicate that the cursor will move; open markers indicate that the cursor will not move.
Tips and Tricks
- Note that point may not equal x value, depending on how your wave is plotted.
- You can get up to 10 cursors, but you can only see the info from two cursors at a time. Right-click over the names of the waves for the cursors and select "Show Cursor Pair" for a new pair of cursors.

Saving Graphs

Graph Macro

ctrl+y. To save the macro choose a name for the macro and check the box to save or update the graph macro. You can give the graph a window title (optional).
- close the graph and choose "Save"
A macro with the name you selected is created in the local procedure window (ctrl+m)
This is a handy way to get the code to produce a graph when you want to create a function that makes this graph

Graph Style Macro

ctrl+y

Save Graph as its own Experiment

File -> Save Graph Copy...

Strings

Helpful String Functions

string/G (creates a global string)
num2str and str2num
stringmatch
strlen
strsearch
SVAR and SVAR_exists

Variables

Helpful Variable Functions

variable/G (creates a global variable)
NVAR and NVAR_exists

Functions

The Local Procedure File

The local procedure file exists only in the experiment that it's in. None of these functions can be read by other experiments. Functions you want to share between experiments should be stored in an Igor Procedure File (.ipf).

Access the local procedure file by

ctrl+m
- Windows -> Procedure Window -> Procedure Window

Igor Procedure Files (.ipf)

Igor Procedure Files can be loaded into multiple experiments and easily shared with colleagues. If you edit and save the .ipf, it will be changed for all the experiments that use that .ipf.

Making a new .ipf

Windows -> New -> Procedure...
- This file is local to the experiment it was made in until it is saved as a separate file.

Saving an .ipf as a separate file

With the procedure as the top window, File -> Save Procedure As...

Bringing an ipf to the front in an experiment

Windows -> Procedure Windows -> and choose your .ipf.

Local vs. Global Objects

Lists

Miscellaneous Tips and Tricks

To skip the "Close Window" dialog that asks if you want to save the window (Tables, Graphs, Panels), hold "Alt" while you click the Close icon in the window.
The Graph Browser (Misc -> Graph Browser) can help keep track of lots of graphs in one experiment. There are two drawbacks:
1. If you minimize a graph, the Graph Browser shows a minimized version, which can make it hard to identify the graph you're looking for. Instead of minimizing graphs, you can "hide" them from the graph browser and still see the full graph in the browser.
2. If you hide graphs, there's no minimized version you can click on to find the graph again. You must retrieve it from the Graph Browser or from Windows -> Graphs -> and the graph name and waves plotted in the graph.

Igor Quick Reference

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